Use of The Right Form of The Verbs

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1. Subject যদি 3rd Person Singular number হয় এবং Verb যদি Present Indefinite Tense-a থাকে তাহলে Verb-এর শেষে বা es যোগ করতে হয়।

The boy ( play) football.

Ans: The boy plays football.

2. Universal truth (চিরন্তন সত্য), habitual fact (অভ্যাসগত কর্ম) বুঝালে Present Indefinite Tense হয়।

The sun (rise) in the East.

Ans: The sun rises in the East.

3. কোন সময়ের উল্লেখ থাকে না এমন Sentence-এ যদি always, regularly, sometimes, often. generally, daily, everyday, occasionally, usually, normally ইত্যাদি থাকে তবে Present Indefinite Tense হয়।

He always (disturb) the class.

Ans. He always disturbs the class.

When Mr. Karim (take) his food normally?

Ans. When does Mr. Karim take his food normally?

A good boy (prepare) his lessons regularly.

Ans: A good boy prepares his lessons regularly.

4. Be Verb বিহীন বাক্যকে Negative বা Interrogative করতে হলে Tense ও Subject অনুসারে do, does বা did ব্যবহার করতে হয়।

The girl not (sing) a song.

Ans: The girl does not sing a song.

He (come) home yesterday?

Ans: Did he come home yesterday?

5. Interrogative Sentence-এ যদি what, when, where, who, which, whose, why, how থাকে তাহলে Subject এর পূর্বে Tense ও person অনুযায়ী to be verb যোগ করতে হয়। Tobe verb না থাকলে Tehse Person অনুযায়ী do/does বা did বসে।

What you (do) now?

Ans: What are you doing now?

Why Mrs. Pitt(look) so angry?

Ans: Why does Mrs. Pitt look so angry?

What you (want)?

Ans: What do you want?

6. বর্তমানে চলছে এমন কোন কাজ বুঝাতে Verb এর Present Continous Tense হয়। এক্ষেত্রে বর্তমান সময়ের (যেমন now, at this moment ইত্যাদি) উল্লেখ থাকে।

He (sing) a song now.

Ans: He is singing a song now. 

They (watch) TV. at this moment.

Ans: They are watching TV. at this moment.

7. কোন Sentence-এ যদি has, have/had থাকে তাহলে Verb এর Past participle হয়। যেমন-

He has (do) the work.

Ans: He has done the work.

We have (make) him captain.

Ans: We have made him captain.

8. Just, just now, already, yet, ever, lately, recently, থাকলে Present Perfect Tense হয়।

I (see) him recently.

Ans: I have seen him recently.

You ever (be) to Dhaka?

Ans: Have you ever been to Dhaka?.

He (go) out just now.

Ans: He has gone out just now.

9. অতীত নির্দেশক শব্দ বা phrase যেমন (yesterday, ago, long since, last night ইত্যাদি) থাকলে Verb

এর Past form হয়।

(i) He (leave) home last night.

Ans: He left home last night.

(ii) I (come) home yesterday.

Ans: I came home yesterday.

(iii) I (see) you long ago.

Ans: I saw you long ago.

10. No Sooner had than, scarcely had when, hardly had before থাকলে ১ম ব্রাকেটের Verb

কে past participle করতে হয় এবং ২য় ব্রাকেটের Verb কে past form করতে হয়। যেমনঃ- 

No sooner had he (see) the police than he (run) away. 

No sonner had he seen the police than he ran away.

11. Since এর ১ম অংশ Present Indefinite/ Present Perfect Tense হলে পরের অংশ Past Indefinite tense হয়। যেমনঃ-

It is many years since I (come) to Dhaka.

Ans: It is many years since I came to Dhaka. 

Many years have passed since his father (die).

Ans: Many years have passed since his father died.

12. Since-এর প্রথম অংশ Past Indefinite হলে পরের অংশ Past Perfect করতে হয়। যেমন- 

It was many years since they first (meet).

Ans: It was many years since they had first met. 

It was long since I (see) her last.

Ans: It was long since I had seen her last.

13. Before এর প্রথম অংশ Past Perfect tense--এর হলে পরের অংশ Past Indefinite tense হয়। আর after এর প্রথম অংশ Past Indefinite tense এর হলে পরের অংশ Past Perfect tense হয়।

(i) The patient (die) before the doctor came. 

Ans: The patient had died before the doctor came.

(ii) The patient died after the doctor (come).

Ans: The patient died after the doctor had come.

14. যদি কোন Simple Sentence এ দুটি Verb থাকে তাহলে ব্রাকেটের Verb এর সাথে ing যোগ করতে হয় অথবা Verb টির পূর্বে to বসাতে হয় অথবা verb টির Past Participle করতে হয়।

(i ) I saw him (go). 

Ans: I saw him going.

(ii) I don't want (leave) this place. 

Ans: I don't want to leave this place.

(iii) I got the work (do). 

Ans. I got the work done.

15. Had better. had rather, would better, would rather, let, must, need, dare ইত্যাদির পর প্রদত্ত verb এর Present form হয় এবং প্রদত্ত verb এর পূর্বে to থাকলে উক্ত to উঠে যায়।

(1) You had better (to go) home.

Ans: You had better go home.

(ii) I will not let you (to enter) the class room. 

Ans: I will not let you enter the class room.

16. Sentence এর শুরুতে would that থাকলে Subject এর পরে could বসে এবং প্রদত্ত Verb এf Present forn বসে। যেমন-

I Would that I i (go) to college. 

Ans: World that I could go to college.

17. to be এবং having এর পর মূল Verb এর Past Participle হয়।

(1) He ran away having (take) the money. 

Ans: He ran away having taken the money.

(ii) The principal desired the notice to be (hang). 

Ans: The principal desired the notice to be hung.

18. প্রদত্ত Verb এর পূর্বে mind, worth, without, past, cannot help. could not help. with a view to, look forward to, would you mind, get used to এবং preposition থাকলে ব্র্যাকেটের verb এর সাথে ing যোগ করতে হয়।

(1) I went to the library with a view to (read) there. 

I went to the library with a view to reading there.

(ii) He never thought of (go) to cinema.

He never thought of going to cinema.

19. It is high time, it is time, wish, fancy ইত্যাদি থাকলে ব্র্যাকেটের Verb এর Past form হয়।

(1) I fancy I (turn) pale.

Ans: I fancy I turned pale. 

(ii) It is high time he (change) his bad habits.

Ans: It is high time he changed his bad habits.

(iii) I wish I (sing) a song. 

Ans: I wish I sang a song.

20. As though, as if, wish থাকলে ব্রাকেটের to be এর জায়গায় were বসে।

(i) I wish I (to be) a king.

Ans: I wish I were a king.

(ii) He talks as if he (to be) leader.

Ans: He talks as if he were leader.

21. As though/as if এর প্রথম অংশ Present Indefinite Tense এর হলে পরের অংশ past Indefinite হয়। আবার প্রথম অংশ Past Indefinite Tense এর হলে পরের অংশ Past Perfect Tense হয়।

He speaks as though he (know) everything.

Ans: He speaks as though he knew everything.

She proceeded as though I (not speak).

Ans: She proceeded as though I had not spoken.

22. Every, each, one of থাকলে প্রদত্ত Verb এর Singular হয়।

(1) One of the boys (be) absent yesterday.

Ans: One of the boys was absent yesterday.

(ii) Everybody (love) flowers.

Ans: Everybody loves flowers.

23. Can, could, may, might, shall, should, will, would ইত্যাদি auxiliary verb হিসাবে ব্যবহৃত হলে মূল verb টি Present Tense হবে। যেমন-

1. You may (come) tomorrow. 

Ans: You may come tomorrow.

2. I can (do) the work

Ans: ! can do the work. 

3. One should (take) care of one's health. 

Ans: One should take care of one's health.

24. ব্রাকেটের verb-এর পূর্বের অংশের অর্থাৎ main clause এর verb টি past tense- এর হলে এবং পরের অংশে next- এর পরে কোন সময়ের (next day, next week, next month, next year ইত্যাদি) উল্লেখ থাকলে ব্রাকেটের verb-এর পূর্বে would বা should বসে। এক্ষেত্রে ব্রাকেটের verb টির Present form হয়। He said that he (go) home the next day.

Main clause

Ans: He said that he would go home the next day.

25. am, is, are, was, were ইতাদি "to be" verb-এর পর Passive Voice এর ক্ষেত্রে ব্রাকেটের Verb- এর Past Participle হয়।

The book was (steal)

Ans. The book was stolen

26. If + Present Indefinite Tense + Future Indefinite Tense

If clause-টি যদি Present Indefinite Tense হয় তাহলে অপরটি (Principal clause টি) Future

Indefinite Tense হয়। যেমনঃ-

(i) If he works hard, he (shine) in life.

Ans: If he works hard, he will shine in life.

(ii) If you run in the rain. you (catch) cold.

Ans: If you run in the rain. you will catch cold.

(iii) I will not go out if it (rain)

27. If + Past Indefinite Past Conditional (Subject + would/might/could + মূল Verb এর Present form)

Ans: I will not go out if it rains.

If clause টি Past Indefinite এ থাকলে Principal Clause টির (অপর অংশটি) Subject এর পরে might / could / would বসে + bracket এর Verb টির Present form বসে। যেমনঃ-

(i) If he came. I (go)

Ans: If he came, I would go.

(ii) If I had a typewriter. I (type) myself.

Ans: If I had a typewriter. I would type myself.

(iii) I would help him if he (want).

Ans: I would help him if he wanted.

28. If Past Perfect Tense + Perfect Conditional (subject + would have / could have /might have + bracket এর Verb টির Past Participle form).

If clause টি Past Perfect Tense-এ থাকলে অপর অংশটির (Principal Clauseটি) Subject এর পরে might have / would have/ could have বসে এবং bracket এর Verb-টির Past Participle হয়।

যেমনঃ-

(i) If I had seen him, I (tell) him the matter.

Ans: If I had seen him. I might have told him the matter

(ii) If you had started earlier, you (catch) the bus.

Ans: If you had started earlier, you would have caught the bus. 

(iii) I would have brought a mule if you (tell) me before.

Ans: I would have brought a mule if you had told me before.

29. Had + Subject + Past Participle দ্বারা কোন Sentence শুরু হলে অপরটির Perfect conditional হয় অর্থাৎ Subject এর পর would have / could have/might have বসে + bracket এর verb এর past

participle হয়।

(i) Had I been a king. I (help) the poor.

Ans: Had I been a king. I would have helped the poor.

(ii) Had I possessed vast ( property. 1 (establish) a college.

Ans: Had I possessed vast property. I would have established a college.

30. দু'টি Clause এর মধ্যে যেটিতে If + Subject + were, থাকে অপরটি (Principle clause) Subject এর

পরে might +would/ could বসে। এবং bracket এর ক্রিয়ার Present form বসে।

বিঃদ্রঃ might/ could/ would এর পরিবর্তে migh have/would have/ could have + bracket এর verb টির Past Participle বসানো যেতে পারে। যেমনঃ-

(1) If I were a bird. 1 (fly)

Ans: If I were a bird. I would fly.

Or, If I were a bird, I would have flown.

(ii) If I were you. I (not do) this. Ans: If I were you, I would not do this.

Or. If I were you, I would not have done this.

(iii) If I were a king. I (help) the poor.

Ans: If I were a king. I would help the poor.

Or, If I were a king. I would have helped the poor.

31. কোন কাজ পূর্বে শুরু হয়ে এখনও পর্যন্ত চলতেছে বুঝালে verb-এর Present Perfect Continuous tense হয়। যেমনঃ

I (read) for three hours

Ans: I have been reading for three hours.

It (rain) since morning.

Ans. It has been raining since morning.

32. Have, has, had, get, got ইত্যাদি verb গুলি যখন কোন sentence এর মধ্যে Causitive verb এর কাজ করে তখন ব্রাকেটের verbটির Past Participle হয়।

I got the work (do) by him.

Ans: I got the work done by him.

I had my rice (cook)

I had my rice cooked.

33. Lest যুক্ত sentence-এ lest এর পরে যে subject থাকে তার পরে should/might বসে।

He ran fast lest he (miss) the train.

Ans: He ran fast lest he should miss the train.

34. While এর ঠিক পরেই ব্রাকেটের মধ্যে যে ক্রিয়া থাকে তার সাথে ing যোগ হয়। কিন্তু while এর পরে

subject থাকলে while এর অংশটি Past Continuous Tense হয়।

While (walk) in the garden, a snake bit him.

Ans: While he was walking in the garden, a snake bit him.

While he (walk) in the garden, a snake bit him.

While he was walking in the garden, a snake bit him.

35. কোন sentence এর verb তার subject এর number এবং person অনুযায়ী ব্যবহৃত হয় অর্থাৎ subject singular হলে verb singular হয় এবং subject plural হলে verb plural হয়। যেমনঃ

The colour of his eyes (be) blue. Ans: The colour of his eyes is blue.

The players in the field (be) strong.

Ans: The players in the field are strong.

36. একই দৈর্ঘ্য, পরিমাণ বা স্থান বুঝালে subject দেখতে plural হলে verb singular হয়।

Fifty miles (be) a long way. Ans: Fifty miles is a long way.

37. কোন sentence যদি there দ্বারা শুরু হয় এবং তার পর যদি singular number থাকে তাহলে there এর পরে singular verb বসে। আর plural number থাকলে there এর পর plural verb বসে।

There (be) a high school in our village. 

Ans: There is a high school in our village.

There (be) two high schools in our village.

Ans: There are two high schools in our village.